Definition

A screen reader is a software application that functions as a crucial assistive technology, primarily for individuals who are blind or have severe visual impairments. Its core purpose is to verbally interpret and read aloud the contents of a computer screen, including text, images (via alt text), interactive elements, and interface components, thereby enabling users to access and navigate digital information without visual input.

Explanation

Your website undoubtedly contains a wealth of valuable content intended for your customers to read and engage with. However, what happens if some of your potential customers have visual disabilities? For them, directly "reading" your content as a sighted person would is simply not possible. This is often because the website has not been adequately designed to be "disabled-friendly" or accessible.

Generally, individuals with significant visual disabilities, such as blindness or severe partial blindness (low vision), rely heavily on screen readers. A screen reader is a sophisticated software program that acts as an auditory bridge between the digital content and the user. It works by converting the text and structural elements displayed on the screen into synthesized speech, effectively "reading aloud" the content.

The utility of a screen reader extends beyond those with complete blindness. As individuals age, their vision naturally weakens, making small text, low contrast, and complex layouts difficult to perceive. Screen readers provide an invaluable alternative, allowing older adults to comfortably access information they might otherwise struggle to read visually. Furthermore, for some individuals, even with good vision, they may experience specific learning disabilities like dyslexia, which can make reading and processing text visually challenging. In such cases, if your website's content is structured and coded accessibly, a screen reader can read the information aloud, significantly aiding their comprehension and enabling them to utilize your valuable content effectively. By designing your website to be compatible with screen readers, you ensure your information is truly accessible to a much broader and more diverse audience.